This study was performed in the Neurosurgical operating room and included 20 patients allocated into two groups: the treatment group (block group) and the control group (non-block group). 10 patients enrolled in block group and 10 patients in non-block group.
Intraoperative ICP monitoring by subdural ICP monitors will be done every 20 minutes in both block and non- block groups until craniotomy has been occurred, then at the time of closure of the dura . Arterio- jugular venous oxygen difference and Jugular venous bulb oxygen saturation changes will be recorded every 20 minutes in block and non- block groups throughout time of the surgery.

